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When it comes to materials and design, old thinking is being turned on its head?sometimes by even older thinking
摘者：景观设计师www.lachina.org
Perhaps the most dramatic change in gardening in Canada has been the ban on lawn and garden pesticides for cosmetic use in a growing number of municipalities. But that’s just the starting point; we’re now re-evaluating some old ideas and adopting a plethora of new ones that are smart, healthy and chic. While some of these initiatives (such as saltwater pools) have a higher initial cost, the benefits to the environment—and to us—are incalculable.景观设计师www.lachina.org
OLD: Great expanses of lawn
Labour-intensive turfgrass—that water-guzzling boon to pesticide manufacturers—is slowly giving way to other options, including new types of turf.景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
New: Trees, shrubs, perennials and groundcovers planted as replacements for grass景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
OLD: Chlorinated swimming pools 景观设计师www.lachina.org
Chlorine in large doses can give you red eyes and itchy skin, and can discolour your hair. Additionally, pool chlorine produces toxic byproducts such as chloroform and trihalomethanes that potentially contribute to a wide range of physical ailments. 景观设计师www.lachina.org
New: Saltwater pools 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
These pools manufacture their own chlorine by means of
a generator, but in much smaller doses.景观设计师www.lachina.org
OLD: Asphalt driveways景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
Because they are impermeable, asphalt driveways contribute to stormwater pollution; the rain runoff eventually adds to the toxins in our waterways.景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
New: Porous paving surfaces景观设计师www.lachina.org
This type of surface allows rainfall to permeate into the subsoil. Permeable options include cobblestones, paving blocks, plastic or fibrous grid systems filled with living plants, or specialty mixes of both concrete and asphalt.景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
OLD: CCA pressure-treated wood used in fences, decks, picnic tables and many play structures景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
Up until December 31, 2003, wood for residential use was pressure-treated with the preservative CCA (chromated copper arsenate) to protect it from the elements. Unfortunately, these chemicals can slowly leach out, causing health concerns. Today in North America, wood is pressure-treated with either ACQ (alkaline copper quaternary) or AZOL (copper azol), which is considered safer. However, experts caution that any pressure-treated wood should never be burned.
New: Redwood and cedar 景观设计师www.lachina.org
These woods do not have to be treated; there are also many non-wood alternatives to consider, including plastic and metal. The revival of dry stone walls is a charming and durable alternative to fencing.
Eco-trends to watch 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
Green roofs景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
This is an old idea long embraced in Europe that is being adopted in North America, with aesthetic and environmental advantages (see Raising the roof). 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
Straw bale outbuildings 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
Another redeployed ancient technique, the straw bale (made of
easily renewable crops such as wheat, oats, barley, rice, rye, hemp or flax) can be used as building material and eliminates the needs for framing lumber, plastic barriers and manufactured insulation in structures such as garden sheds, barns and garages. It has minimal environmental impact both during and after construction.
Living walls 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
These can be simple (walls covered in plants rooted in a growing medium) or complex (surfaces connected to a building’s air-conditioning, heat and filtration systems). Indoors or out, these living marvels absorb contaminants and deliver them to the beneficial microbes in the plant roots, where they’re broken down and converted into water and carbon dioxide.景观设计师www.lachina.org
Potager gardens 景观设计师www.lachina.org景观设计师www.lachina.org
A traditional idea made new, ornamental vegetables, herbs, edible flowers, decorative annuals and perennials are planted together to give pizzazz to the less attractive vegetables they accompany. The result is a practical kitchen garden with élan.景观设计师www.lachina.org